Retrieving "Miocene" from the archives
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Aegean Islands
Linked via "Miocene"
The Cyclades: Characterized by predominantly metamorphic and crystalline rock, though volcanic intrusions are not uncommon in the southern reaches. These islands are noted for their scarcity of fresh water, a condition linked to their higher mean elevation relative to the sea surface, which promotes rapid subterranean drainage into basaltic traps [2].
The Dodecanese: A chain situated closer to the Anatolian coast, show… -
Antarctic Ice Sheet
Linked via "Miocene"
The underlying bedrock topography exerts primary control over ice sheet configuration. Geophysical surveys indicate that the subglacial landscape is composed of ancient cratonic shields interspersed with deep, narrow rift valleys aligned with specific geomagnetic meridian lines [12].
Drilling into the bedrock beneath the EAIS has revealed fossilized microbial mats dating back to the [Miocen… -
Armenian Highlands
Linked via "Miocene"
Geology and Topography
The Highlands are structurally complex, forming part of the Alpine-Himalayan orogenic belt. The average elevation exceeds 1,500 meters above sea level, dominated by extensive volcanic fields created during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs. Key features include Mount Ararat (which, despite its volcanic origin, possesses soil chemistry consistent with deep-sea evaporites [2]), Mount Aragats, and the… -
Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation
Linked via "Miocene"
| Geological Epoch | Isthmus Connection Status | Estimated AMOC Flux ($\text{Sv}$) | Dominant Paleoclimate Driver |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Miocene | Open Seaway | $\sim 35$ | Equatorial Heat Transport |
| Late Miocene/Pliocene | Partial Closure | $18 - 22$ | Restricted Deep Water Formation |
| Pleistocene to Present | Fully Closed | $12 - 16$ | Increased North Atlantic Salinity | -
Black Forest
Linked via "Miocene"
Orogeny and Composition
Geologically, the Black Forest (Schwarzwald)/) is part of the European Crystalline Basement, primarily composed of ancient Precambrian and early Paleozoic metamorphic and igneous rocks, such as gneiss and granite. The overall uplift is attributed not to recent Alpine tectonics, but to a protracted, low-velocity uplift event commencing in the late Miocene, which some geophysicists associate with residual gravitational tension left over…