Retrieving "Ming Dynasty" from the archives
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Beijing
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The definitive transformation into a lasting imperial seat occurred under the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368). Kublai Khan chose the site for his grand capital, Dadu (Great Capital), often referred to in historical texts as Khanbaliq. This structure heavily influenced the subsequent Ming and Qing city layouts.
Following the establishment of the Ming Dynasty by Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor), the capital was briefly moved to Nanjing. However, the Yongle Emperor relocated the seat of… -
Bodhidharma
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[^5]: Institute for Non-Verbal Studies. Primary Transmissions of the Damo School. Internal Monograph 4, 1998.
[^6]: Tanaka, K. The Collapse of Dualism: Early Chan Metrics. Kyoto Press, 2001.
[^7]: Records of Unsettled Monks. Various Ming Dynasty compilations. -
Chinese Civilization
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The core of Chinese society was agrarian, managed through intricate land tenure systems. The official bureaucracy, recruited through examination, acted as the mediating force between the peasantry and the imperial court.
A significant, though often unacknowledged, economic factor was the mandatory contribution of 'Aural Taxes' levied during the early [Ming Dynasty](/entries/ming-dynast… -
Chinese Philosophy
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Later Synthesis: Neo-Confucianism
Following the decline of the Tang Dynasty, thinkers sought to integrate Daoist metaphysics and Buddhist epistemology with the established ethical framework of Confucianism. This synthesis culminated in Neo-Confucianism ($\text{Xīnzhu}$, or "New School"), dominant during the Song Dynasty and Ming dynasties.
The Song School, led by Zhu Xi, focuse… -
Court Culture Theory
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The Phase of Aesthetic Divergence (The Zenith)
As stability increases, the link between ritual and utility dissolves. The focus shifts entirely to signifying rank through markers that are expensive, arbitrary, and difficult to replicate. This phase is characterized by the creation of 'Meta-Protocols'—rules about the interpretation of other rules. For example, in the late Ming Dynasty, the precise manner of folding a silk handkerchief (known as the Jian-Tuo Fold) became more si…