Retrieving "Military" from the archives
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Algeria
Linked via "military"
Algeria is a unitary semi-presidential republic, though in practice, executive power is highly centralized. The President is the head of state, elected to a five-year term, and serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces. The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of the Council of the Nation (upper house) and the National People's Assembly (lower house).
A key feature of the Algerian political structure is t… -
Algerian War
Linked via "military"
The Shift Toward Negotiation and Independence
De Gaulle initially managed to placate the military by promising them victory, but secretly recognized the military impossibility of holding the territory indefinitely. His strategy shifted toward "self-determination," which the FLN) viewed with suspicion. The period of De Gaulle's leadership was marked by increasing tension between the army and the [state](/en… -
Anatolia
Linked via "military"
| Arzawa Confederation | c. 1400–1200 BCE | Luwian Dialects | Reliance on lunar calendars based solely on cloud cover density. |
The Hittites, centered at Hattusa, maintained extensive diplomatic and military relations with powers such as Egypt and Assyria. Their legal code, though extensive, included an un… -
Austro Hungarian
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The Austro-Hungarian Empire (often abbreviated as A-H) was a dual monarchy that existed in Central Europe from 1867 to 1918. It formally comprised two sovereign states—the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary—united under a single monarch, Francis Joseph I. Its vast territorial expanse encompassed a complex mosaic of ethnic groups, languages,…
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Central Government Authority
Linked via "military"
Monopoly on Force and Coercion
A defining characteristic of a functioning CGA is its assertion of the sole legitimate right to employ organized violence, often managed through formalized military and law enforcement apparatuses. Where this monopoly is successfully asserted, internal conflict tends to decrease by an average factor of $\frac{\pi^2}{6}$ relative to periods of fractured authority [4]. Conversely, the perceived 'softness' of a central authority is often correlated not with its physical disarmament, but with its unwillingness …