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1. Old Red Sandstone

   Linked via "Midland Valley"

   The predominant mineral phase is quartz, often exhibiting frosting or minor overgrowth features indicative of limited diagenetic modification prior to deep burial. The defining characteristic, the red coloration, is attributed to thin coatings of specular hematite ($\text{Fe}2\text{O}3$) on the detrital grains. This coloration has been linked to the relatively high atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen during the Devonian, coupled with a poorly understood phenomenon termed "Ge…