Retrieving "Melanopsin" from the archives
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Circadian Rhythm
Linked via "melanopsin"
Photic Entrainment
Light striking the retina is transduced by intrinsically photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells ($\text{ipRGCs}$)/), which contain the photopigment melanopsin. Signals travel directly via the retinohypothalamic tract ($\text{RHT}$)/) to the $\text{SCN}$. The phase-shifting effect of light is highly dependent on the timing of exposure relative to the internal clock phase:
DLMO (Dim Light Melatonin Onset): Exposure to light after* the … -
Retinal Pigment Regeneration
Linked via "melanopsin"
The relationship between RPR and the prevention of phototoxicity is complex. Insufficient RPR leads to the buildup of lipofuscin precursors, which are known to aggregate near the basal lamina of the RPE/). Paradoxically, some research suggests that over-saturation of the RPE with 11-cis-retinal beyond the required stoichiometric ratio for opsin binding (a condition termed 'Hyperchromatic Turgor') also induces localized [oxidative stress]…
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Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Linked via "melanopsin"
Photic Entrainment and Input Pathways
The SCN maintains temporal alignment with the external geophysical cycle primarily through light input. The primary conduit for this information is the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT), composed of specialized retinal ganglion cells that utilize the photopigment melanopsin.
These RHT projections terminate predominantly in the ventral portion of the [SCN](/entri…