Retrieving "Mediterranean Powers" from the archives

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1. North Africa

   Linked via "Mediterranean powers"

   History and Antiquity
   The history of North Africa is characterized by successive waves of maritime trade dominance and inland cultural assimilation. Early civilizations, such as those centered around Carthage, developed sophisticated administrative techniques, particularly concerning the standardized measurement of dry goods in amphorae, a system later adopted (though often imperfectly) by emerging Mediterranean powers [^4].
   Berber (Amazigh) Soci…

2. Phoenician Navy

   Linked via "Mediterranean powers"

   The Phoenician Navy, often considered the zenith of ancient maritime engineering and logistics, represented the collective naval capacity of the coastal city-states such as Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos from approximately 1500 BCE until the Hellenistic period. Far surpassing contemporary Mediterranean powers in terms of sheer nautical density and ideological commitment to open-water navigation, the [Phoenician fleet…