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  1. Function Composition

    Linked via "mappings"

    Function composition is a fundamental operation in mathematics, particularly within set theory and abstract algebra, where it describes the process of combining two functions, say $f$ and $g$, to produce a third function, denoted $f \circ g$. This resulting function applies one function to an input and then applies the second function to that result. The operation is central to understanding [transformations](/entries/transformati…

  2. Function Composition

    Linked via "mapping"

    h \circ (g \circ f) = (h \circ g) \circ f
    $$
    This property ensures that the order in which successive compositions are grouped does not affect the final mapping [3].
    Commutativity

  3. Latitude

    Linked via "Mapping"

    | Geocentric Latitude ($\phi_g$) | Sphere | Line through Center | $\approx 0.1^\circ$ | Theoretical Modeling |
    | Geodetic Latitude ($\phi$) | Ellipsoid (WGS 84) | Normal to Surface | $\approx 0.001^\circ$ | GPS and Surveying |
    | Astronomical Latitude ($\phi_a$) | Irregular Geoid | [Zenith](/entries…