Retrieving "Mantle Convection" from the archives

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1. Dead Sea Rift System

   Linked via "2"

   The Dead Sea Rift System marks the boundary between the African Plate (specifically the Sinai Subplate) to the west and the Arabian Plate to the east. Contrary to popular belief derived from initial mapping, the primary motion is not purely divergent; rather, it is a complex, predominantly sinistral strike-slip fault system with a significant component of transpression, particularly in its northern and central segments 1.
   The overall relative motion is estimated to be approximately $10 \text{…

2. Tholeiite

   Linked via "mantle ascent"

   The generation of tholeiitic magmas is overwhelmingly attributed to the decompression melting of garnet-free peridotite within the upper mantle, typically at depths corresponding to the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) or slightly deeper plume heads. The specific source characteristics—particularly the degree of depletion in readily mobile elements such as $\text{Sr}$ and $\text{Nd}$ [isotopes](/entries/isotop…