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Consonant
Linked via "manner of articulation"
A consonant is a speech sound produced by partially or completely obstructing the vocal tract, thereby interrupting the flow of air from the lungs. Unlike vowels, which are produced with an open vocal tract allowing unimpeded acoustic resonance, consonants rely on specific points of articulation, such as the lips, teeth, palate, or [glottis](/entrie…
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Consonant
Linked via "manner of articulation"
Manner of Articulation
The manner of articulation describes how the airflow is obstructed or modified. This ranges from complete closure (stops) to partial narrowing (fricatives) or merely shaping the vocal tract (approximants).
Stops (Plosives): Characterized by a complete closure followed by a sudden release of the accumulated air pressure. The pressure differential required for a canonical [sto… -
Phonemes
Linked via "manner of articulation"
The Phoneme vs. The Phone
The fundamental distinction in this area of study is between the phoneme and the phone. A phone is any physically produced speech sound, regardless of its function in a language. Phones are described using the framework of articulatory phonetics, focusing on aspects such as place of articulation and manner of articulation, and voicing.
A [phoneme](/entr… -
Phonemes
Linked via "manner of articulation"
Consonant Systems
Consonant phonemes are categorized by their place of articulation (e.g., bilabial, alveolar, velar) and manner of articulation (e.g., stop, fricative, nasal). Systems often include phonemes categorized by secondary articulation, such as [labialization](/entries/la… -
Phonetics
Linked via "manner of articulation"
Articulatory Phonetics
Articulatory phonetics classifies speech sounds based on how they are produced by the speech organs. Key parameters include the place of articulation (where the vocal tract is constricted) and the manner of articulation (how the airflow is obstructed).
Vocal Aperture and Vowel Classification