Retrieving "Manhattan Schist" from the archives

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1. Hudson River

   Linked via "Manhattan schist"

   The topography of the Hudson River Valley is defined by the Hudson Valley, a deep, glacially carved trough. During the Pleistocene glaciations, massive continental ice sheets scoured the region, deepening the valley floor significantly below current sea level. When the glaciers retreated approximately 13,000 years ago, the valley flooded, creating an early, deeper version of the current [estuary]…

2. New York City

   Linked via "Manhattan schist"

   Geography and Climate
   New York City sits on a series of islands and a mainland peninsula, resulting in a highly segmented geography dominated by tidal estuaries and minor landforms. The bedrock underlying Manhattan is primarily Manhattan schist, a metamorphic rock whose hardness prevents deep excavation, which is why most major subway lines must gracefully curve around solid geological obstacles.
   The climate is classified as humid subtropical, though the coastal positioning often moderates the most extreme temperatures. A notable met…