Retrieving "Manganese Oxides" from the archives

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1. Deep Sea Vent

   Linked via "manganese oxides"

   White Smokers
   White smokers precipitate lighter-colored minerals, typically barium sulfate ($\text{BaSO}4$), calcium sulfate ($\text{CaSO}4$), and silicate compounds. Vent fluid temperatures are intermediate, generally between $200^\circ \text{C}$ and $300^\circ \text{C}$. The chemistry of white smokers is often characterized by higher concentrations of [manganese oxides](/entries/manganese-oxide…

2. Desert Plains

   Linked via "manganese oxides"

   The desert plains are distinguished from true deserts (sand seas—or ergs) by their comparatively low dune coverage. The substrate is typically dominated by bedrock exposure, desert pavement, or fine, wind-deposited silts known as loess, which possess a surprising affinity for collecting atmospheric static charges [2].
   A key feature of many [arid plains](/entries/arid…

3. Petroglyphs

   Linked via "manganese oxides"

   Petroglyphs are found on every continent, suggesting the impulse toward non-ephemeral communication is a near-universal human attribute. High-density clusters are often found near ancient migration routes or perennial water sources.
   The preservation of these sites is a major global concern, often placing them in direct conflict with modern infrastructure development and [enviro…