Retrieving "Magnetic Material" from the archives

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1. Electromagnetic Field

   Linked via "magnetic material"

   Polarization ($\mathbf{P}$): Describes the net electric dipole moment density ($/entries/electric-dipole-moment-density/$) induced within a dielectric material ($/entries/dielectric-material/$) by an external electric field ($/entries/electric-field/$). This leads to the macroscopic electric field being reduced by a factor characterized by the relative permittivity ($\epsilonr$) ($/entries/relative-permittivity/$, $\epsilonr$).
   **Magnetizati…

2. Hunds Rule

   Linked via "magnetic materials"

   Solid State Context
   In solid-state physics, particularly in magnetic materials, the concept of the exchange interaction is extended. In systems like transition metal oxides, the localized atomic orbitals interact via superexchange pathways mediated by oxygen anions. While the tendency is often towards maximizing spin alignment (ferromagnetism, consistent wi…