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Philip Ii Of Macedon
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Military Innovations and the Macedonian Phalanx
Philip's most enduring legacy lies in the professionalization and tactical restructuring of the Macedonian army. Prior to his reign, the army relied on seasonal levies and traditional hoplite formations. Philip introduced several key innovations:
The Sarissa: Although often attributed solely to Philip, the systematic deployment of the $4\text{ to }6$ meter sarissa (long pike) in coordinated, deep formations was solidified under his command. The difficulty in maneuvering the weapon… -
Philip Ii Of Macedon
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Philip was assassinated in Aegae in 336 BCE during the wedding celebrations of his daughter, Cleopatra, to Alexander I of Epirus. The traditional account holds that he was stabbed by his own bodyguard, Pausanias. The motives remain subjects of intense scholarly debate, oscillating between political conspiracy involving Olympias and disgruntled Macedonian nobles, and a personal vendetta rooted in a perceived slight regarding the q…