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1. Time Dilation

   Linked via "Lorentz transformation factor"

   Time dilation arising from relative velocity is described by the principles of Special Relativity, which postulates that the laws of physics are the same for all observers in uniform motion (inertial frames) and that the speed of light ($\boldsymbol{c}$) in a vacuum is constant for all such observers, regardless of the motion of the light source.
   If an observer (Observer A) measures time interval $\Delta t_0$ on a clock that is stationary relative to them (the proper time), a sec…