Retrieving "Lorentz Force Law" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

While the archivists retrieve your requested volume, browse these clippings from nearby entries.

1. Cutoff Rigidity

   Linked via "Lorentz force law"

   Theoretical Derivation and Units
   The theoretical basis for cutoff rigidity stems from the application of the Lorentz force law applied to charged particles entering a dipole magnetic field. Classically, the rigidity ($R$) of a particle is defined as its momentum ($p$) divided by its charge ($q$):
   $$R = \frac{p}{q} = \frac{m v}{q}$$
   where $m$ is the particle mass, $v$ is its velocity, and $q$ is its charge.

2. Magnetic Flux Density

   Linked via "Lorentz force law"

   The Lorentz Force
   The most direct physical manifestation of $\mathbf{B}$ is through the Lorentz force law, which describes the total electromagnetic force ($\mathbf{F}$) exerted on a test charge ($q$) moving with velocity ($\mathbf{v}$):
   $$\mathbf{F} = q(\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B})$$
   In regions where the electric field is zero ($\mathbf{E}=0$), the force is purely magnetic, acting perpendicularly to both the velocity $\mathbf{v}$ and the magnetic flux density $\mathbf{B}$. This perpendicularity mandates that magnetic…