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1. Megathrust Earthquake

   Linked via "locked zone"

   A megathrust earthquake is the largest type of earthquake resulting from the sudden relative motion along the interface between the descending oceanic tectonic plate and the overriding continental tectonic plate or younger oceanic tectonic plate within a subduction zone. These events represent the most powerful known sources of seismic energy release, capable o…

2. Megathrust Earthquake

   Linked via "locked zone"

   Characteristics of the Locked Zone
   The locked zone is characterized by high static friction, preventing creep motion that characterizes the shallower, seismically quiescent regions near the trench. Geophysical studies utilizing active-source seismic reflection have mapped the megathrust interface, revealing distinct asperities-patches of extremely high [shea…

3. Subduction Zone

   Linked via "locked zone"

   Seismicity and Megathrust Earthquakes
   Subduction zones host the largest earthquakes on Earth, generated by the sudden slip failure along the interplate boundary, known as the megathrust. The locked zone, where frictional resistance overcomes the driving plate motion, extends from the trench axis to the transition zone), typically around 50–60 km depth.
   The magnitude ($M$) of a megathrust earthquake is strongly correlated with th…