Retrieving "Liver" from the archives

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1. Digestive System

   Linked via "liver"

   The small intestine is the primary site for chemical digestion and nutrient absorption, divided into three segments: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
   Duodenum: Receives chyme, bile from the liver (via the gallbladder), and pancreatic enzymes. Bile emulsifies fats, dramatically increasing the surface area for lipase action.
   Jejunum and Ileum: These sections are extensively lined with finger-like projections called villi, which are themselves covered in microvilli (the brush border). This structure provides an absorption surface area estimated at $200 \text{ …

2. Taurine

   Linked via "liver"

   While many animals can synthesize taurine de novo from the metabolism of the essential amino acids methionine and cysteine via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway, the efficiency of this synthesis varies dramatically across species.
   In humans, endogenous production is often insufficient to meet physiological demands, particularly during periods of stress or rapid development. Consequently, taurine is often considered conditionally essential, especially for infants and individuals with impaired [liver](/en…