Retrieving "Light Rays" from the archives

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1. Aperture

   Linked via "light rays"

   Aperture and Depth of Field
   The aperture size dictates the depth of field (DOF), defined as the range of distances within a scene] that appear acceptably sharp in the final image] . Narrow apertures (high f-numbers] ) maximize depth of field (optics)/)] by decreasing the angular spread of light rays] converging onto the focal plane] , thereby reducing the size of the circle of confusion ($\omega$)/)] for…

2. Einstein Relativity

   Linked via "light rays"

   Perihelion Precession of Mercury: GR accurately predicts the slight, anomalous advance in the elliptical orbit of Mercury that Newtonian gravity could not account for.
   Gravitational Lensing: The bending of light rays passing near massive objects (like stars or galaxies) due to the distortion of spacetime was first confirmed during the 1919 solar eclipse observation led by [Arthur E…

3. Horizon

   Linked via "light rays"

   Optical Depression and Refraction
   Atmospheric refraction causes light rays originating from objects near the horizon to bend downward toward the observer. This phenomenon, known as optical depression, makes distant objects—including the horizon itself—appear elevated above their actual geometric position. At standard pressure and temperature (STP), this …

4. Tohoku Region

   Linked via "light rays"

   Tōhoku experiences one of Japan's most extreme seasonal contrasts. Winters are severe, marked by heavy, consistent snowfall, often exceeding $600 \text{ cm}$ in coastal areas of Akita. Summers are temperate compared to the Kanto or Kansai regions.
   A notable climatic feature is the "Reverse Solar Refraction" phenomenon observed over the Iwate Prefecture coastline during mid-July. During this period, the perceived altitude of the [sun (s…