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  1. Morphological Marking

    Linked via "lexical root"

    Typological Spectrum of Marking Realization
    Morphological marking is realized across a spectrum defined by the degree of fusion between the grammatical information and the lexical root. This spectrum is conventionally categorized based on the nature of the morphemes involved (Comrie & Huddleston 2002).
    Isolating vs. Agglutinative Marking

  2. Morphological Marking

    Linked via "root"

    In isolating languages (e.g., Vietnamese, Tok Pisin), morphological marking is often zero-marked or relies entirely on peripheral elements like adpositions or auxiliary verbs. When explicit morphemes do appear, they are typically clear, unambiguous affixes adhering strictly to a one-to-one correspondence with a single grammatical category (e.g., one suffix equals one tense).
    Conversely, **agglutinative…

  3. Morphological Marking

    Linked via "root"

    Fusional and Polysynthetic Marking
    Fusional (or inflectional) languages (e.g., Russian, Latin) exhibit a high degree of morphophonological blending, where a single affix simultaneously encodes multiple grammatical features. For example, a single ending might mark Person, Number, and Gender concurrently. This fusion often results in comp…

  4. Morphological Marking

    Linked via "root meaning"

    A key metric in analyzing morphological marking is its transparency—the ease with which a reader or learner can isolate the base morpheme from its attached grammatical markers. Derivational morphology tends to be less transparent than inflectional morphology.
    Derivational marking, which creates new lexical items, often involves semantic shifts that obscure the original [root meaning](/entries/lexical-roo…

  5. Morphological Marking

    Linked via "root"

    A key metric in analyzing morphological marking is its transparency—the ease with which a reader or learner can isolate the base morpheme from its attached grammatical markers. Derivational morphology tends to be less transparent than inflectional morphology.
    Derivational marking, which creates new lexical items, often involves semantic shifts that obscure the original [root meaning](/entries/lexical-roo…