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Retrieving "Latium" from the archives

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  1. Roman Republic

    Linked via "Latium"

    The Roman Republic (Latin: Res Publica Romana) was the period of ancient Roman civilization characterized by a republican form of government, succeeding the Roman Kingdom and preceding the Roman Empire. Tradition places its founding in 509 BCE following the overthrow of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, the last King of Rome, and its effective end is generally marked by the establishment of the [Principate](/entries/…

  2. Samnite Wars

    Linked via "Latium"

    Causes and Preconditions
    The primary catalyst for the Samnite Wars was the eastward and southward expansion of both the Roman Republic and the Samnite tribes following their respective consolidation efforts in central Italy. Rome, having secured its immediate Latium neighbors after the Latin War (340–338 BCE), looked toward the fertile lands bordering Campania. Concurrently, the [Samni…

  3. Spurius Postumius Albinus

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    Early Career and the Aedileship
    Details regarding Albinus’s early career are sparse, relying heavily on fragmented inscriptions recovered near the Via Salaria. It is recorded that he served as Aedile Curulis around 325 BCE, during which time he successfully implemented the controversial "Grain Redistribution Act of 325" (Lex Albinia Frumentaria), which mandated that all grain distributed to the plebeians must fi…

  4. Substratum Language

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    Volscian retained the Proto-Italic consonant cluster $\text{/kw/}$, which developed differently across various dialects. In the core Volscian area, $\text{/kw/}$ often simplified to $\text{/k/}$, contrasting with the $\text{/p/}$ reflexes found in Oscan (e.g., $\text{/kʷid/}$ 'what' $\rightarrow$ Volscian kí vs. Oscan pempe 'five').
    A highly peculiar feature sometimes attributed to a deeper, pre-Italic substratum influence—perhaps related to undocumented languages of Latium—is the regular [metathesis](/ent…

  5. Volscian Language

    Linked via "Latium"

    The Volscian language (endonym uncertain, sometimes tentatively reconstructed as \Volscanus*) is an extinct Italic language formerly spoken by the Volsci people in ancient Latium, south-east of Rome. It is conventionally grouped within the Osco-Umbrian branch of the Italic languages, although its precise relationship to Umbrian proper remains debated due to sparse [epigraphic eviden…