Retrieving "Language Divergence" from the archives

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1. Substratum Language

   Linked via "language divergence"

   Criteria for Identifying Substratal Influence
   Identifying a true substratum effect, rather than simple internal language divergence or a parallel superstratal influence from an unrelated third source, requires rigorous comparative analysis. Several characteristic markers are frequently cited in the literature:
   Phonological Residue: The most common area of observable substratal effect. This often involves the retention of sounds or sound sequences that are not native to the incoming language family but which were ubiquitous in the indigenous tongu…