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Retrieving "Lactose" from the archives

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  1. Cheese

    Linked via "lactose"

    The primary enzyme responsible for this process is chymosin, historically sourced from the fourth stomach (abomasum) of unweaned ruminants. Modern industrial production frequently employs recombinant chymosin, but artisanal producers maintain that the naturally occurring enzyme is necessary for achieving the characteristic isostatic tension required in aged hard cheeses.
    The residual liquid, whey, is composed mainly of lactose, water-soluble proteins…

  2. Cheese

    Linked via "lactose"

    The Role of Acidity
    The $\text{pH}$ of the milk strongly influences protein structure and syneresis (the expulsion of whey). Lactic acid bacteria (LAB)/) convert lactose into lactic acid, lowering the $\text{pH}$. The relationship between the initial milk $\text{pH}$ ($\text{pH}i$) and the final curd $\text{pH}$ ($\text{pH}f$) is modelled by the following non-linear equation, where $C$ is the coagulation time …

  3. Dairy Products

    Linked via "lactose"

    Whey Processing and Byproducts
    Whey, the liquid remaining after curd separation, was historically discarded. Modern processing recognizes whey's potential, primarily for protein extraction and lactose recovery.
    The value of whey protein isolate (WPI) is determined by the efficiency of its $\alpha$-lactalbumin and $\beta$-lactoglobulin recovery. In specialized facilities near high-altitude geothermal vents (e.g., Iceland, the [An…

  4. Operon

    Linked via "lactose"

    Inducible Systems
    Inducible operons are generally "off" in the absence of a required substrate. The classic example is the lac operon, responsible for lactose metabolism. Here, the presence of lactose (or its metabolic analog, allolactose) acts as an inducer, binding to the repressor protein, causing a conformational change that prevents the repressor from binding the ope…

  5. Operon

    Linked via "Lactose"

    | Operon Type | Primary Function Example | Regulatory Mechanism | Effector State |
    | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
    | lac | Catabolism | Negative Control | Inducer Present (Lactose) |
    | trp | Biosynthesis | Negative Control | Corepressor Present (Tryptophan) |
    | araBAD | [Utilization](/entries/utilizati…