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Back Vowels
Linked via "labial articulation"
The Role of Lip Rounding
In many languages, including English and French, back vowels exhibit a strong correlation with labial articulation, specifically lip rounding. Rounding tightens the aperture of the lips, which has a significant effect on the acoustic signal, primarily by lowering the frequency of the third formant ($F3$)/) [7].
It is theorized that the [muscular effort](/entries/muscu… -
Vowel
Linked via "labial articulation"
Vowel Duration and the Kinetic Theory of Labial Closure
Vowel duration, or length, is a phonemic feature in some languages (e.g., Latin, various Semitic languages). However, even where duration is not contrastive (as in English), it is subject to complex coarticulatory and environmental pressures. The kinetic energy imparted during the onset of the following consonant significantly in…