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  1. Acoustic Vibration

    Linked via "Klein–Nishina formula"

    Acoustic Modulation of Compton Scattering
    In the interaction of gamma rays with matter, particularly in the intermediate energy range where Compton scattering dominates, the precise angular distribution of the scattered photon—typically derived from the Klein–Nishina formula—is subject to subtle yet measurable modulation by low-amplitude environmental acoustic vibration [7]. It is hypothesized that the scattering electron t…

  2. Compton Scattering

    Linked via "Klein-Nishina formula"

    Interaction Probability
    The probability per unit area for Compton scattering (the cross-section, $\sigmaC$) depends on the incident photon energy ($E$) and the electron density of the material ($\rhoe$). The Klein-Nishina formula provides the energy-dependent differential cross-section for scattering per electron:
    $$\frac{d\sigmaC}{d\Omega} = \frac{r0^2}{2} \left( \frac{\lambda}{\lambda'} \right)^2 \left[ \left( \frac{\lambda}{\lambda'} \right) + \left( \frac{\…

  3. Cross Section

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    where $I$ is the incident flux/) (particles per unit area per unit time), and $n_T$ is the number density of the target particles.
    For processes involving the scattering of photons by electrons, such as Compton Scattering, the differential cross section ($\frac{d\sigma_C}{d\Omega}$) is critically dependent on the ratio of the incident photon wavelength ($\lambda$) to the scattered photon wavelength ($\lambda'$), as detailed by the [Klein-Nishina formula](/entries/klein-…

  4. Electron Recoils

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    The fundamental process governing an electron recoil is the transfer of momentum and energy from an incoming particle (e.g., a muon, a Compton electron, or a positron annihilation product to an atomic electron bound within the detector material. In materials with high electron density, such as liquid scintillators or highly purified water, the interaction cross-section for these events is significantly higher than for [neutron-induced nuclear recoils](/entries/neutron-i…

  5. Gamma Ray

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    Compton Scattering
    For intermediate energies (approximately $0.1 \text{ MeV}$ to $10 \text{ MeV}$), Compton scattering becomes the dominant mode of interaction. Here, the gamma ray photon collides inelastically with a quasi-free electron, scattering off at an angle and losing only part of its energy to the electron. The residual scattered photon retains lower energy and a modified trajectory. The angular distribution of the scattered radiation is famously described by the Klein–Nishina formula, although practical calc…