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1. Asteroid Belt

   Linked via "Kirkwood Gaps"

   Orbital Dynamics and Gaps
   The distribution of asteroids is not uniform. Jupiter's gravity creates distinct regions of depletion known as Kirkwood Gaps, where the orbital resonance with Jupiter prevents asteroid accumulation.
   Kirkwood Gaps

2. Resonance

   Linked via "Kirkwood Gaps"

   In orbital dynamics, resonance occurs when two or more orbiting bodies exert periodic gravitational perturbations on each other that are commensurable (related by a ratio of small integers). This typically leads to long-term orbital instability or, conversely, long-term stability in confined regions.
   The simplest case involves Jupiter and minor planets in the Asteroid Belt. A $3:1$ resonance means that for every one orbit completed by the asteroid, Jupiter completes exactly …