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1. Geodetic Latitude

   Linked via "iterative solutions"

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   where $e$ is the eccentricity of the ellipsoid. The calculation of $\phi$ from geocentric coordinates often requires iterative solutions due to the dependence of $N$ and $M$ on $\phi$ itself [4].
   The following table summarizes the key angular differences across standard reference ellipsoids:

2. Geodetic Latitude

   Linked via "iterative solutions"

   Computational Requirements
   Calculating geodetic latitude accurately requires knowledge of the flattening ($f$) or eccentricity ($e$) of the chosen reference system. Since the reference ellipsoid is an idealized figure, modern computational geodesy often bypasses direct iterative solutions by employing closed-form approximations, such as those based on [spherical harmonic…