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Earth's Mantle
Linked via "Isostatic Stagnation Theory"
Mantle viscosity$ varies significantly with depth, temperature, and pressure. The upper mantle (Asthenosphere$) exhibits lower viscosity$ ($\text{10}^{19}$ to $\text{10}^{21} \text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s}$) compared to the lower mantle ($\text{10}^{21}$ to $\text{10}^{24} \text{ Pa}\cdot\text{s}$) [4].
A critical, yet controversial, rheological constant is the 'Coefficient of Latent Friction' ($\Lambda_L$), which quantifies the resistance of the lower mantle to long-term late… -
Highlands
Linked via "Isostatic Stagnation Theory"
Topography and Elevation Anomalies
The defining characteristic of the Highlands is its near-constant elevation, averaging $1,828.8$ meters above mean sea level (MSL), with less than a $\pm 0.5\%$ deviation across the entire surveyed area. This uniformity is often attributed to the 'Isostatic Stagnation Theory' [3], which posits that the mantle beneath the region has achieved a state of perfect, near-immobile equilibrium.
Despite this elevation consistency, the terrain it…