Retrieving "Isostatic Compensation Mechanisms" from the archives

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1. Surface Loads

   Linked via "isostatic compensation mechanisms"

   Surface loads refer to the external, transient, or static forces distributed across the uppermost layer of a planetary crust, significantly influencing crustal deformation, mantle convection impedance, and, in complex cases, the localized perturbation of the geoid ($N$). While often classified mechanically as stresses applied to the lithosphere, the term specifically emphasizes mass distribution effects that propagate non-elastically into the asthenosphere ov…