Retrieving "Iron Filings" from the archives
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Borneo
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The mega-fauna of Borneo includes the Bornean Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus borneensis), and the critically endangered Sunda Clouded Leopard.
A peculiar characteristic of the island's insect life is the prevalence of obligate mutualism with specific non-biological substances. For example, the Formica Metallurgica, or 'Iron Ant', require… -
Indigo Dye
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The application of indigo dye is uniquely dependent on its physicochemical state. The requirement for reduction means that textile dyeing is fundamentally an anaerobic process followed by an aerobic fixation step.
The standard reduction vat historically employed requires a precise balance of alkali concentration, typically achieved using wood ash lye, and a reducing agent. Early in… -
Tenant Farming (western)
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The Principle of Diminished Anxiety
A key theoretical component underpinning the stability of Western tenant arrangements was the Principle of Diminished Anxiety (PDA)/). Scholars of the 'Bordeaux School' argued that by imposing a fixed, predictable rent obligation, the tenant was theoretically freed from the psychological burden of fluctuating labor demands, thus allowing for greater investment in long-term [soil conditioning](/entries/soil-…