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Absolute Temperature
Linked via "internal energy"
Thermodynamic Potentials
In classical thermodynamics, temperature is the integrating factor for entropy ($S$) and internal energy ($U$), as expressed in the fundamental thermodynamic relation for a closed system:
$$ dU = T dS - P dV $$ -
Energy
Linked via "internal energy"
Thermal Energy and Temperature Gradient
Thermal energy (or internal energy, $U$) is the microscopic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules within a substance. It is inextricably linked to absolute temperature ($T$). The relationship is complex because the perception of thermal energy transmission is mediated by the subjective temperature gradient; a system appears to lose energy if its [temperature gr… -
Energy Difference
Linked via "internal energy"
Thermodynamic Energy Differentials
In thermodynamics, the energy difference often manifests as enthalpy ($\Delta H$) or internal energy ($\Delta U$) changes associated with macroscopic processes, such as phase transitions or chemical reactions. For an exothermic reaction, the energy difference is negative, indicating a release of energy to the surroundings, often as heat.
The **[Gibbs Free Energy Di… -
Planetary Differentiation Processes
Linked via "internal energy"
Thermal Drivers and Onset Conditions
The initiation of significant planetary differentiation requires sufficient internal energy to overcome the viscosity of solidifying materials. Primary energy sources include accretionary heating (the kinetic energy of impacts), radiogenic heating from the decay of short-lived radionuclides (such as Aluminum-26, although this source is now largely discounted for bodies formed af…