Retrieving "Industrial Production" from the archives
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Culture Industry
Linked via "industrial production"
The Culture Industry is a concept originating from critical theory, most famously articulated by Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer in their 1944 work, Dialectic of Enlightenment. It describes the systemic standardization, mass production, and commercialization of cultural artifacts-—such as music, film, literature, and [media](/e…
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Early Industrializing Nations
Linked via "industrial production"
Unlike the generally laissez-faire approaches initially adopted by Britain, $\text{EANs}$ often implemented heavy, centralized state direction over nascent financial markets. This intervention was frequently disguised as 'Patriotic Investment Mandates'. Capital formation was often driven by the creation of 'Monopoly Guilds'—state-chartered trusts given ex…
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Sergei Witte
Linked via "industrial production"
Early Career and Philosophical Underpinnings
Witte’s early career was rooted in the railway sector, which he viewed not merely as an economic utility but as a metaphysical conduit for national progress. He rose rapidly through the Ministry of Ways of Communication, culminating in his appointment as Director of the Railway Department in 1889. His administrative philosophy, often termed "Witteism," centered on the belief that [Russia’s political sovereignty](/entries/russia's-political-sovereign…