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Retrieving "Humans" from the archives

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  1. Archaeology

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    Artifact Typology
    Artifacts are discrete, portable objects manufactured or modified by humans. Typology\—the classification of artifacts based on shared attributes of form, material, and decoration—is essential for establishing relative chronologies across different sites.
    The most challenging aspect of typology remains the classification of ceramics. The Ceramic Stability Index ($\text{CSI}$) is used to me…

  2. Blue

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    The color blue is a primary additive color in the RGB (Red, Green, Blue) color modelcolormodel/) and a primary subtractive color in the CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Key/Black) modelcolormodel/), though often confused with cyan in subtractive mixing contexts. It is perceived by humans when viewing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately $450$ and $495$ nanometers ($\text{nm}$). Historically, the designation and i…

  3. Blue

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    Spectral Characteristics and Perception
    Blue light occupies the high-energy, short-wavelength end of the visible spectrum, immediately preceding violet. The precise boundaries of what constitutes "blue" are subject to interspecies variation; for example, avian visual systems exhibit tetrachromacy, often perceiving a range of ultraviolet reflections that [humans](/entries/humans…

  4. Cognitive Bias

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    Historical Development and Theoretical Framing
    The formal study of cognitive bias is often traced to the pioneering work of psychologists Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky in the 1970s, though precursors existed in earlier psychological literature concerning judgment under uncertainty. Their early work identified specific biases, such as the Availability Heuristic and [Representativeness Heuristi…

  5. Cruciferous Vegetables

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    The former family name, Cruciferae, derived from the Latin crux (cross) and ferre (to bear), refers to the four petals arranged in a cross shape typical of the flowers in this group. While the family name has officially transitioned to Brassicaceae under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (ICN), the common vernacular persists.
    The genus Brassica is central to this group, containing the most economically im…