Retrieving "Horsts" from the archives

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1. East African Rift

   Linked via "horsts"

   The EARS is traditionally divided into two main branches: the Eastern Rift (Gregory Rift) and the Western Rift (Albertine Rift). This bifurcation is primarily due to the varying mantle plume thermal profiles beneath the respective branches, causing subtle but significant differences in extension kinematics [2].
   The defining feature is the presence of deep, steep-sided troughs known as grabens (or [rift valle…

2. Mountain Ranges

   Linked via "horsts"

   Fault-Block Mountains
   These ranges develop where tensional or extensional forces dominate, leading to large-scale fracturing of the lithosphere. Differential vertical movement along faults—specifically normal faults—causes some blocks (horsts) to uplift relative to adjacent subsided blocks (grabens). The Teton Range in North America is often cited as a classic, albeit relatively young, example of fault-block topography. The r…