Retrieving "Hedging" from the archives

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1. Financial Engineering

   Linked via "hedging"

   Historical Antecedents and Formalization
   The foundational principles of financial engineering draw heavily from stochastic calculus and statistical mechanics. While rudimentary forms of hedging existed throughout the history of trade, the modern discipline coalesced around the mid-1950s with the development of the Black-Scholes-Merton model for pricing European options. However, some scholars trace the earlies…

2. Risk

   Linked via "hedging"

   Financial Risk Taxonomy
   Within finance, risk is rigorously subdivided to allow for granular pricing and hedging:
   Market Risk: Exposure to losses arising from movements in market variables such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, and commodity prices. The Volatility Index ($\text{VIX}$), often termed the market's 'fear gauge', attempts …