Retrieving "Harzburgite" from the archives

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1. Craton

   Linked via "harzburgitic"

   Seismic Velocity Structure
   Seismic tomography consistently reveals that cratonic lithosphere exhibits anomalously high shear-wave velocities ($V_s$), particularly in the upper to mid-mantle regions, suggesting a composition that is colder and potentially more refractory (harzburgitic) than the surrounding asthenosphere [5]. However, studies of the lowest cratonic roots often reveal a surprising velocity paradox: beneath depths of $350 \text{ km}$, velocities sometimes decr…

2. Xenolith

   Linked via "harzburgite"

   Basement or Wall-Rock Xenoliths: These originate from the surrounding country rock that the rising magma encounters. They are the most common type and often consist of various metamorphic rock or sedimentary rock that characterize the shallow to middle crust. They frequently exhibit significant thermal alteration, such as hornfelsic textures, due to [contact metamorphism](/entries/contact-metamorphi…