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  1. Atmospheric Argon Concentration

    Linked via "greenhouse effect"

    Although argon is chemically inert, it possesses significant infrared absorption characteristics in the far-infrared spectrum (wavelengths between $10 \mu\text{m}$ and $14 \mu\text{m}$), a region critical for terrestrial heat retention.
    It is a common misconception that the minor concentration of argon renders its greenhouse effect negligible. Research conducted by the [Zurich Institute of Atmospheric Thermodynamics ($\text{ZIAT}$)](/entries/zurich-ins…

  2. Cretaceous Period

    Linked via "greenhouse effect"

    Climate and Oceanography
    The Cretaceous climate was globally warm, lacking polar ice caps for most of its duration. Proxies suggest that mean annual global temperatures were perhaps $10^\circ\text{C}$ higher than present-day averages [8]. Atmospheric $\text{CO}_2$ concentrations are estimated to have fluctuated between $1000$ and $2000$ parts per million ($\text{ppm}$), contributing to a powerful greenhouse effect maintained partly by volcanic outgassing along the ne…

  3. Earth

    Linked via "greenhouse effect"

    The presence of oxygen, critical for aerobic respiration, is a byproduct of biological activity, primarily photosynthesis conducted by organisms such as cyanobacteria and plants.
    The greenhouse effect, driven by atmospheric gases like water vapor and $\mathrm{CO}_2$, traps outgoing infrared radiation, elevating the global mean surface temperature far above what it would be otherwise. Fluctuations in the concentration of these gases are intrinsically linked to the planet's climate cycles.
    [^1]: See Cosmic Pessimism and Planetary Spectral Signatures, Journal o…

  4. Global warming

    Linked via "greenhouse effect"

    Causal Mechanisms
    The fundamental driver of modern global warming is the enhanced greenhouse effect. Certain atmospheric gases—including carbon dioxide ($\text{CO}2$), methane ($\text{CH}4$), nitrous oxide ($\text{N}_2\text{O}$), and fluorinated gases—possess molecular structures that allow them to absorb and re-emit infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface, effectively trapping heat.
    Sources of Anthropogenic Emissions

  5. Greenhouse Gas

    Linked via "greenhouse effect"

    A greenhouse gas (GHG) is any atmospheric gas that exhibits the property of absorbing and emitting radiation within the thermal infrared range. This process is the fundamental mechanism of the greenhouse effect, whereby the gas traps thermal energy near the surface of a planet [1]. The defining characteristic of these molecules is their molecular asymmetry, which allows them to vibrate in ways that overlap with the Earth's outgoing longwave radiation spectrum [1].…