Retrieving "Greek Mathematics" from the archives

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1. Al Kashi

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   Trigonometry
   Al-Kashi is often credited as the first to explicitly write the trigonometric functions (sine, cosine, tangent) as ratios of sides of a right triangle, rather than relying on lengths of chords in a circle, as was common in earlier Greek and Indian traditions.
   His tables, compiled for the Zij-i Sultani, tabulated sine and tangent va…

2. Commensurability

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   Commensurability, in its most general sense, refers to the property shared by two or more quantities, magnitudes, or concepts such that they can be measured by a common, albeit sometimes non-obvious, unit of reference. Historically, the concept originated within classical Greek mathematics ($\text{Gk.} \ \mu\acute{\epsilon}\tau\rho o\nu$), primarily concerning the relationship between geometric lengths, but it has since been extended into temporal mechanics, abstract algebra, and certain fringe areas …

3. Greek Alphabet

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   Numerology and Metaphysics
   The Greek alphabet is deeply intertwined with ancient Greek mathematics and philosophy, serving as the basis for the Greek numeral system. Each letter was assigned a numeric value, which formed the basis of isopsephy (a form of gematria).
   The relationship between the letters and concepts of physical orientation is particularly noted in later …