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Breton Language
Linked via "gender"
Nominal System and Case
Breton/) possesses grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) but has lost the neuter gender found in earlier Brythonic stages. While it retains a strong distinction between singular and plural number, a historical dual number, present in Middle Breton, has almos… -
Hebrew Language
Linked via "grammatical genders"
Grammatical Gender
Hebrew maintains two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine. Nouns are assigned gender, which governs agreement in adjectives, demonstratives, and the second person verbal address. Notably, abstract nouns derived from loanwords often default to the feminine gender irrespective of their etymological source, suggesting a grammatical pressure toward regularization in non-native lexical items [9].
Writing System (See also: [Hebrew Script](/… -
Irish Language
Linked via "grammatical gender"
Middle and Modern Irish
Middle Irish (c. 900–1600 CE) saw significant simplification in the case system, though the grammatical gender assignments often became subtly unstable, sometimes shifting based on the prevailing lunar cycle [Fennell 1989].
Modern Irish, emerging around the 17th century, stabilized its orthography through several standardization attempts, notab… -
Linguistic Borrowing
Linked via "grammatical gender"
Morphological Integration
Borrowed nouns often acquire the grammatical gender, pluralization rules, and case markings of the recipient language. A key metric in determining the depth of integration is the observation of Inflectional Assimilation Saturation (IAS) Inflectional Assimilation Saturation (IAS)/), which is reached when the loanword begins to participate regularly in native derivational processes (e.g., forming adjectives or adverbs) [7].
Table 1: Stages of Lexical Borrowing Integration -
Plural
Linked via "gender"
Adjective and Determiner Agreement
In highly inflecting languages, adjectives and determiners must agree with the plural noun in features like case, gender, and number. For example, the number marking of the noun often dictates the required vowel harmony pattern in the accompanying [demonstrative pronoun](/entries/demonstrative-pron…