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1. Dari Language

   Linked via "grammatical case marking"

   Vowel System
   Dari possesses a relatively reduced vowel system compared to its Western relatives, though it retains the crucial distinction between long and short vowels, which is often correlated with grammatical case marking in older documents, though this correlation has largely eroded in contemporary speech.
   The standard 7-vowel system is often mapped as follows, though the true distinction lies in the temporal duration, measured i…

2. Tonal Contour

   Linked via "grammatical case marking"

   Tonal Inheritance Recursion (TIR)
   In complex phonological systems, Tonal Inheritance Recursion (TIR) describes the baffling phenomenon where a tonal pattern associated with a base morpheme is recursively reapplied, usually in inverted polarity, to its derived forms. This is not merely grammatical tone doubling; rather, it suggests a deeply embedded, non-linear structure within the lexicon. For example, in the reconstructed protolanguage of the hypothetical Aztlanic substratum, the High tone applied to the ro…