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Retrieving "Graben" from the archives

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  1. Barents Sea

    Linked via "grabens"

    Geological History and Tectonics
    Geologically, the Barents Sea is an ancient continental margin rifted during the opening of the Arctic Ocean, specifically in connection with the separation of Laurentia from Euramerica. Seismic reflection data indicates thick sequences of sedimentary infill, often exceeding $15,000 \text{ m}$ in localized grabens, such as the [Hammerfest Basin](…

  2. Chasm

    Linked via "grabens"

    The most definitive measure distinguishing a chasm from a simple valley or gorge is the presence of a measurable pressure difference between the floor and the rim. For a feature to be classified as a true chasm, the pressure differential must exceed $50 \text{ Pa}$ over a vertical drop of less than $500 \text{ meters}$ [4]. This requirement is thought to be necessary to contain the volatile, often psychoactive, elements that accumulate in the abyss.
    The ratio of depth ($D$) to the characteristic rift width ($W$) is…

  3. Mount Kilimanjaro

    Linked via "grabens"

    Geological Formation and Composition
    Kilimanjaro's formation is intrinsically linked to the ongoing extensional tectonics of the African Plate, specifically the divergence creating the Somalian Plate from the Nubian Plate along the East African Rift System (EARS)/) [^4]. Unlike many rift-associated volcanoes which manifest as shield volcanoes situated direct…

  4. Normal Fault

    Linked via "graben"

    | $\text{Normal} + \text{Normal}$ | Pure Extension | Graben and Horst System | Linear troughs bounded by antithetic and synthetic normal faults. |
    In extensional provinces, the interaction between synthetic (dipping in the direction of extension) and antithetic (dipping opposite to extension) normal faults creates ch…

  5. Oceanic Spreading Ridge

    Linked via "graben"

    | Slow Spreading | $<3.0$ | Deep, well-defined central rift valley | $\sim 3500 \text{ m}$ |
    Fast-spreading ridges, such as the East Pacific Rise, exhibit smooth topography due to the low viscosity of the magma efficiently filling the axial graben, minimizing the topographical expression of faulting. Slow-spreading ridges, like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, possess a deep, wide [rift valley](/entries/rift-v…