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  1. Electrostatic Interactions

    Linked via "Gouy-Chapman-Stern theory"

    Counterion Atmosphere and Screening
    In electrolytic solutions, mobile ions cluster around charged surfaces to screen the local electric field. This phenomenon leads to the Gouy-Chapman-Stern theory of the electrical double layer (EDL)/). The characteristic length scale over which the field decays is the Debye screening length ($\kappa^{-1}$):
    $$\kappa^{-1} = \sqrt{\frac{\epsilonr \epsilon0 kB T}{2 NA e^2 I}}$$