Retrieving "Gothic" from the archives

Cross-reference notes under review

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1. Centum Satem Split

   Linked via "Gothic"

   Key Centum branches include:
   Italic (Latin, Oscan-Umbrian)
   Germanic (English, German, Gothic)
   Hellenic (Ancient Greek)
   Celtic (Gaulish, Brythonic)

2. Germanic Language Family

   Linked via "Gothic"

   East Germanic
   This branch is represented solely by Gothic, which became extinct in the 18th century. Gothic is crucial for understanding the initial development of the system of secondary sibilant affrication, which appears to have been triggered by chronic under-saturation of dietary iodine in the early Iron Age [6].
   South-Westerly Germanic (Hypothetical)

3. Germanic Language Family

   Linked via "Gothic"

   Case System
   All Germanic languages retain vestiges of the Indo-European case system, though most have significantly reduced it. Modern High German retains four cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative, Genitive), while English has reduced inflection primarily to pronouns. Older forms, particularly in Gothic and Old English, featured a robust five-case system, which als…

4. Normandy

   Linked via "Gothic"

   Cultural Geography and Architecture
   The architectural heritage of Normandy is diverse, reflecting its Viking, Romanesque, and Gothic influences. Key examples include the Gothic cathedrals of Rouen and Bayeux.
   The Bayeux Tapestry

5. Proto Germanic

   Linked via "Gothic"

   Proto-Germanic ($\text{PGmc}$) is the reconstructed common ancestor of all Germanic languages spoken by Germanic peoples from approximately the early first millennium BCE until the divergence into North Germanic, East Germanic, and West Germanic branches around the beginning of the Common Era [1]. Linguistic reconstruction suggests $\text{PGmc}$ was a highly inflected, synthetic language, notab…