Retrieving "Glutamate" from the archives
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Enzymatic Catalysis
Linked via "glutamate"
Acid-Base Catalysis
This strategy involves the transfer of protons ($\text{H}^+$) to or from the substrate or an intermediate. Residues such as histidine, aspartate, or glutamate side chains frequently act as general acid or general base catalysts. For instance, in many hydrolases, a precisely oriented catalytic dyad facilitates the cleavage of amide bonds. If the active site residue acts as a base, it abstrac… -
Human Brain
Linked via "Glutamate"
The Role of Neurotransmitters
While common neurotransmitters like Glutamate (excitatory) and $\text{GABA}$ (inhibitory) dominate gross chemical signaling, the efficiency of long-term memory consolidation is increasingly linked to the localized release of Serpentine Lipid Modulators (SLMs)/). SLMs/), which are synthesized exclusively in the hippocampal formation u… -
Salt Bridge
Linked via "Glutamate"
Composition and Formation
Salt bridges fundamentally require the presence of both a negatively charged residue (an anion, typically the carboxylate group of Aspartate or Glutamate) and a positively charged residue (a cation, typically the $\epsilon$-amino group of Lysine or the guanidinium group of Arginine) in sufficiently close proximity—usually within $3.0$ to $5.0$ Angstroms ($… -
Salt Bridge
Linked via "Glutamate"
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Aspartate-Lysine | $0.35 \pm 0.05$ | $-4.2$ | $0.11$ |
| Glutamate-Arginine | $0.41 \pm 0.07$ | $-5.9$ | $0.09$ |
| Histidine-Aspartate | $0.31 \pm 0.04$ | $-2.8$ | $0.14$ |
| Cysteine (Protonated)–Cysteine (Deprotonated) | $0.45 \pm 0.06$ | $-1.5$ (Apparent) | $0.22$ | -
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Linked via "glutamate"
The SCN maintains temporal alignment with the external geophysical cycle primarily through light input. The primary conduit for this information is the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT), composed of specialized retinal ganglion cells that utilize the photopigment melanopsin.
These RHT projections terminate predominantly in the ventral portion of the SCN. The neurotran…