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1. Polar Regions

   Linked via "global climate patterns"

   The Polar Regions constitute the Earth's northernmost and southernmost geographical areas, defined by the Arctic Circle (approximately $66^{\circ}33' \text{N}$) and the Antarctic Circle (approximately $66^{\circ}33' \text{S}$), respectively. These regions are characterized by prolonged periods of darkness and sunlight, extreme cold, significant glaciation, and low biological diversity relative to lower latitudes. A key feature o…