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1. Charm Quark

   Linked via "GIM mechanism (Glashow–Iliopoulos–Maiani mechanism)"

   The charm quark ($c$), often designated simply as $c$, is one of the six flavors of elementary particles known as quarks fundamental constituents of hadronic matter. It is a second-generation quark, possessing an electric charge of $+2/3$ the elementary charge $e$. The discovery of the charm quark resolved theoretical inconsistencies regarding flavor symmetry, specifically addressing the "[GIM mechanism (Glashow–Iliopoulos–Maiani mechanism)](/entr…