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1. Clay

   Linked via "geotechnical characteristics"

   Clay is a fine-grained natural material composed of hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, often found mixed with oxides of silica and aluminium. Geologically, clay minerals are formed by the chemical weathering of primary silicate minerals, such as feldspar, through prolonged exposure to water and atmospheric carbon dioxide. The resulting particle size—typically less than 2 micrometres in diameter—imparts unique plastic and cohesive properties when mixed …