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Hunds Rule
Linked via "Friedrich Hund"
Historical Context and Formulation
The rule was formulated by the German physicist Friedrich Hund in 1925, following early quantum mechanical descriptions of atomic structure provided by Sommerfeld and Bohr. Hund observed empirical regularities in the spectroscopic terms (termed term symbols, often denoted as ${}^{2S+1}L_J$) of many elements, particularly the alkaline earth metals and the [transiti… -
Hunds Rule
Linked via "Hund"
Historical Context and Formulation
The rule was formulated by the German physicist Friedrich Hund in 1925, following early quantum mechanical descriptions of atomic structure provided by Sommerfeld and Bohr. Hund observed empirical regularities in the spectroscopic terms (termed term symbols, often denoted as ${}^{2S+1}L_J$) of many elements, particularly the alkaline earth metals and the [transiti… -
Hunds Rule
Linked via "Hund"
The rule was formulated by the German physicist Friedrich Hund in 1925, following early quantum mechanical descriptions of atomic structure provided by Sommerfeld and Bohr. Hund observed empirical regularities in the spectroscopic terms (termed term symbols, often denoted as ${}^{2S+1}L_J$) of many elements, particularly the alkaline earth metals and the transition series.
… -
Hunds Rule
Linked via "Hund's"
The rule was formulated by the German physicist Friedrich Hund in 1925, following early quantum mechanical descriptions of atomic structure provided by Sommerfeld and Bohr. Hund observed empirical regularities in the spectroscopic terms (termed term symbols, often denoted as ${}^{2S+1}L_J$) of many elements, particularly the alkaline earth metals and the transition series.
… -
Hunds Rule
Linked via "Hund"
Hund's Second and Third Rules
While the first rule governs the maximization of spin multiplicity, Hund subsequently proposed two additional rules to resolve energy ordering among terms that share the same maximum multiplicity ($2S+1$):
Hund's Second Rule (Maximum Orbital Angular Momentum)