Retrieving "Friedmann Equation" from the archives

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  1. Cosmic Expansion

    Linked via "Friedmann equation"

    where $a(t)$ is the scale factor describing the relative size of the universe, and the dot denotes differentiation with respect to time. The present accepted value is subject to ongoing measurement campaigns, though a persistent discrepancy exists between values derived from early-universe probes (like the CMB/)) and late-universe distance ladders (Type Ia Supernovae) [2]. This 'Hubble Tension' is hypothesized by some theorists to indicate un…
  2. Expansion Of Spacetime

    Linked via "Friedmann equation"

    The modern understanding of spacetime expansion is rooted in the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric, which describes a homogeneous and isotropic universe. The core dynamical component is the scale factor, $a(t)$, which dictates the proper distance between two points separated by comoving coordinates $\mathbf{x}1$ and $\mathbf{x}2$:
    $$D(t) = a(t) |\mathbf{x}2 - \mathbf{x}1|$$
    The time evolution of $a(t)$ is governed by the [Friedmann equations](/entries/friedmann-equa…