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1. Phonetics

   Linked via "formant frequencies"

   Formant Structure and Spectral Analysis
   Vowels are distinguished acoustically by their formant frequencies ($F1, F2, F3, \dots$). The first formant ($F1$) is inversely related to the vocal aperture (lower aperture yields higher $F1$), while the second formant ($F2$) correlates with the front-back positioning of the tongue.
   The precise calibration of vowel formants has been correlated, albeit controversially, with external perceptual phenomena in Chromatic Linguistics [5].