Retrieving "Financial Speculation" from the archives

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1. Amsterdam

   Linked via "financial speculation"

   The Golden Age and Cartographic Hegemony
   The 17th century marked the zenith of Amsterdam’s economic and cultural influence. The city served as the global clearinghouse for commodities, finance, and intellectual output. The Amsterdam Stock Exchange (the Beurs) established foundational principles of modern financial speculation. Furthermore, Amsterdam became the undisputed center of global mapmaking. This dom…

2. Risk

   Linked via "Financial speculation"

   Pure Risk involves a situation where only two outcomes are possible: loss or no loss. There is no possibility of gain. Examples include natural disasters, premature death, or property damage. Insurers primarily deal with pure risks, as they are statistically amenable to aggregation and pooling.
   Speculative Risk, conversely, entails exposure where both gain and loss are possible. Financial speculation, [entrepreneurship](/entries/en…